Exploring the Thurstun Lava Tube on the Big Island of Hawaii: A Journey Through Volcanic History

The Big Island of Hawaii is home to some of the world’s most active volcanoes, stunning landscapes, and geological wonders. One such marvel is the Thurstun Lava Tube ((also known as Nahuku)) a natural formation that offers a fascinating glimpse into the island's volcanic past. This incredible lava tube is not just a spectacular sight; it’s a journey through time, formed by ancient volcanic activity and preserved for modern explorers. If you’re planning to visit the Big Island, a trip to the Thurstun Lava Tube is an unforgettable adventure. Here’s everything you need to know about it.

The History of the Thurstun Lava Tube: Formation and Geologic Significance

Lava tubes are created during volcanic eruptions when molten lava flows across the land. As the lava cools, a hardened crust forms on the surface, while the liquid lava beneath continues to flow. When the lava eventually drains away, the hardened crust remains, creating a hollow tunnel. Over time, erosion and natural weathering shape these tubes, revealing intricate rock formations that offer a unique view of the island's volcanic history.

The Thurstun Lava Tube on the Big Island was formed by eruptions from the Kīlauea volcano, one of the world’s most active volcanoes. Thousands of years ago, the volcanic flows from Kīlauea created the lava tube system, leaving behind the massive, hollow tunnels we see today. These eruptions are part of an ongoing process of lava flow that has shaped much of the island’s landscape.

The Thurstun Lava Tube is notable not only for its size but for the way it showcases the island’s volcanic activity. Walking through the tube is like stepping into the heart of Hawaii’s geological history, a reminder of the immense power and beauty of the island's eruptive past.

Getting to the Thurstun Lava Tube

Reaching the Thurstun Lava Tube is relatively easy, but it does require a bit of an adventure. Located within Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, it’s accessible from the main highway, Route 11, which runs along the southern part of the island. From the park entrance, you’ll drive towards the Kīlauea Visitor Center. Be sure to check with the park rangers for up-to-date information on trail conditions and accessibility, as volcanic activity can sometimes impact the area.

Once you’ve entered the park, the lava tube is located along a designated trail, which can be explored on foot. The walk is moderate in difficulty, so comfortable footwear is recommended, and you'll want to carry plenty of water, especially if you’re hiking on a warm day. The trail to the lava tube is relatively short but provides visitors with some stunning views of the park’s volcanic landscape, including steam vents, craters, and lush rainforests.

The Entrance to the Thurstun Lava Tube

The entrance to the Thurstun Lava Tube is a dramatic opening in the earth. It’s not a large gaping hole, but rather a more subtle, cylindrical opening nestled among the rocks, surrounded by a rugged volcanic landscape. As you approach the entrance, you can see the smooth, dark surface of the lava rock, evidence of the lava’s cooling process.

The entrance itself is accessible via a short descent. The moment you step into the tube, you’re struck by the temperature drop – a welcome respite from the heat of the Hawaiian sun. The light here is dim, and the sounds of the outside world quickly fade, replaced by a quiet stillness. This transition from the bright, open landscape to the cool, dark interior of the lava tube adds an element of mystery and excitement to the experience. During the day, the lava tube is lit. 

Inside the Thurstun Lava Tube: An Otherworldly Exploration

Once inside the Thurstun Lava Tube, you’re transported into a subterranean world unlike any other. The tube’s interior is a labyrinth of smooth, black lava walls, with occasional jagged edges and volcanic rock formations that tell the story of the lava flow from thousands of years ago. The space is much larger than it appears from the entrance, with wide sections that open up into grand chambers. The lava tube’s ceiling is high in some places, while in others, you’ll find yourself bending low to navigate the narrow passageways.

One of the most striking features of the Thurstun Lava Tube is the beautiful formations created by the cooling lava. In certain areas, the walls are smooth and polished, giving the tube an almost cathedral-like feel. These natural features, formed over thousands of years, create an otherworldly atmosphere that can make you feel as though you’ve stepped into a different planet.

The inside of the tube is relatively dry, although there can be some moisture dripping from the ceiling, creating a slightly eerie sound as it hits the ground below. The floor is uneven, with loose rocks and the remnants of ancient lava flows, so it’s important to take your time and be cautious while exploring. After dark, a flashlight or headlamp is essential for fully experiencing the tube’s beauty, as certain sections can be pitch black, especially as you venture deeper.

As you move further into the tube, the sounds become more muffled, and you begin to appreciate the silence and serenity of the space. The occasional echo of footsteps adds to the sense of isolation and wonder. Depending on your level of exploration, you may even encounter smaller side tunnels and chambers within the lava tube, each offering a different perspective of this natural wonder.

Final Thoughts

The Thurstun Lava Tube on the Big Island of Hawaii is a remarkable example of the island’s geological beauty and volcanic history. From its formation during ancient eruptions to its fascinating interior filled with lava formations, it’s a place that connects visitors with the natural forces that continue to shape this stunning island. Whether you’re a geology enthusiast, a nature lover, or someone seeking adventure, a visit to the Thurstun Lava Tube is a must.

So, if you’re ever on the Big Island, don’t miss the opportunity to explore this underground wonder. It’s a journey that will not only immerse you in the island’s geological past but also give you a deeper appreciation for the power and beauty of nature.

I have other blogs from Hawaii on my website.

My Camera

Many people have asked what camera I use for travel photography. I recently switched to a Leica Q3, which is compact yet powerful tool that combines the best of modern technology with the classic feel of Leica’s legacy. Equipped with a 47.3-megapixel full-frame sensor and a sharp 28mm f/1.7 lens, it delivers stunning image quality. You can read about my blogs on choosing this camera on my website. 

Debbi Marquette Photography is located in Upstate New York at the foothills of the Adirondack Mountains. Debbi is an award winning and published travel, landscape and bald eagle photographer specializing in artistic, authentic, and memorable landscape and wildlife photography. She travels frequently, lives near the mountains and constantly has a camera in her hand to capture photographs so others can see the beauty of our world.

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